A liquid fuel made from biomass (typically corn, sugar cane or small cereals/grains) which can replace petrol in modest percentages for use in ordinary spark-ignition engines (stationary or in vehicles), or which can be used at higher blend levels (usually up to 85% ethanol, or 100% in Brazil) in slightly-modified engines, such as those provided in “flex-fuel” vehicles. Ethanol also is used in the chemical and beverage industries.